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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Schwarzschild radius ： ウィキペディア英語版 Schwarzschild radius The Schwarzschild radius (sometimes historically referred to as the gravitational radius) is the radius of a sphere such that, if all the mass of an object were to be compressed within that sphere, the escape velocity from the surface of the sphere would equal the speed of light. An example of an object where the mass is within its Schwarzschild radius is a black hole. Once a stellar remnant collapses to or below this radius, light cannot escape and the object is no longer directly visible, thereby forming a black hole.〔Chaisson, Eric, and S. McMillan. Astronomy Today. San Francisco, CA: Pearson / Addison Wesley, 2008. Print.〕 It is a characteristic radius associated with every quantity of mass. The ''Schwarzschild radius'' was named after the German astronomer Karl Schwarzschild, who calculated this exact solution for the theory of general relativity in 1916. ==History== In 1916, Karl Schwarzschild obtained the exact solution〔K. Schwarzschild, "Über das Gravitationsfeld eines Massenpunktes nach der Einsteinschen Theorie", ''Sitzungsberichte der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Klasse fur Mathematik, Physik, und Technik'' (1916) pp 189.〕〔K. Schwarzschild, "Über das Gravitationsfeld einer Kugel aus inkompressibler Flussigkeit nach der Einsteinschen Theorie", ''Sitzungsberichte der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Klasse fur Mathematik, Physik, und Technik'' (1916) pp 424.〕 to Einstein's field equations for the gravitational field outside a non-rotating, spherically symmetric body (see Schwarzschild metric). Using the definition $M=\backslash frac$, the solution contained a term of the form $\backslash frac$; where the value of $r$ making this term singular has come to be known as the ''Schwarzschild radius''. The physical significance of this ''singularity'', and whether this singularity could ever occur in nature, was debated for many decades; a general acceptance of the possibility of a black hole did not occur until the second half of the 20th century. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Schwarzschild radius」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.